Je ne parle pas le nom de la font mais celui qui la faite.

But, Claude, that is the Baskerville Old Face. Condense it at 90% and then make small caps at about 85% and you are almost there, except for the irregularities of type those days. You came up with the correct answer in the first place, had the OP be clear about what he (she?) wanted.

Il ne donne pas de nom dans le catalogue de Caslon.

http://cjoint.com/14av/DDbuXwk2HCj_what.png

You have amazed me many, many times Claude but this beats me ... Caslon, no way ... the Q ... what is happening ... ?

Si c'est peint, c'est impossible de trouver une identique.

I told you, didn't I?

Yet, still not clear what you are looking for, the antique look or the clean look?

True. Anything you can imagine can be possible, even that the Kat is wrong, but the chance is minimal.
It is not a match at all but if you are mainly after a typeface that represents common typesetting of the late 17 hundreds in France, you might consider Gilles le Corre's Fournier. If, however, you want a typeface that is somewhat similar to your image but does not need that antique look then you could give Baskerville Old Face a try: http://myfonts.us/td-E5brbc

I think that the chance that you will find exactly that typeface is minimal but have a look at Gillis le Corre's site. You may find something that you consider close enough: http://www.gilleslecorre.com/pages/fonts.html

Si tu cherche un vieux style, Il y a Day Roman.

http://www.dafont.com/fr/day-roman.font